Heat Wave Safety in Canada: How to Stay Cool and Safe

Canada's Growing Heat Risk

Climate change is making Canadian summers increasingly dangerous. The 2021 "heat dome" event in British Columbia saw temperatures reach 49.6°C in Lytton before the town was destroyed by wildfire — the highest temperature ever recorded in Canada. This event killed nearly 600 people in BC alone and demonstrated that heat can be as deadly as any winter storm.

Who Is Most at Risk?

Certain groups face heightened risk during heat waves: older adults over 65, infants and young children, people with chronic medical conditions (heart disease, diabetes, respiratory illness), outdoor workers, people without access to air conditioning, and those taking certain medications that affect heat tolerance.

Signs of Heat-Related Illness

Heat Exhaustion

Symptoms include heavy sweating, cold or pale skin, fast or weak pulse, nausea or vomiting, muscle cramps, tiredness, weakness, dizziness, headache, and fainting. Move the person to a cool place, apply cool wet cloths, and have them sip water.

Heat Stroke — A Medical Emergency

Heat stroke occurs when body temperature rises above 40°C. Signs include hot and dry skin (or profuse sweating), rapid strong pulse, unconsciousness, and confusion. Call 911 immediately. This is a life-threatening emergency.

Cooling Strategies Without Air Conditioning

Not everyone has access to air conditioning. During extreme heat: visit public cooling centres (libraries, community centres, malls), use cool wet cloths on neck, wrists, and ankles, take cool showers or baths, keep blinds and curtains closed during daytime, open windows at night when outside air cools.

Checking on Neighbours

Heat deaths often occur among isolated individuals. Check on elderly neighbours, relatives living alone, and anyone you know without air conditioning during extreme heat events. A simple phone call or visit could save a life.